Wireless Networking Essay -- essays research papers

Wireless Networking The term wireless networking is a technology that enables two or more computers to communicate using standard network protocols without network cabling. The industry standard mainly used for wireless networking is IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers) 802.11. What this standard is could be described as a wireless network with hardware that requires the use of technology, which deals with radio frequencies as well as data transmission. There are two kinds of wireless networks, Ad-Hoc (Peer to Peer), or access point (base station). Ad-Hoc (Peer to Peer) consists of a number of computers each equipped with a wireless networking interface card. Each computer can communicate to other wireless enabled computers. They can share files and printers, but may not be able access wired LAN resources unless one computer acts as a bridge to connect to a wired LAN. Access points (base stations) can be hardware based or software based. The hardware based access point is a separate component connected to a wired Ethernet network and or server via an interface card. Software based access points can be a computer operating with software installed and is connected to a wired Ethernet network with an interface card. The benefits of software access points are there are fewer components, easier to set up, more cost effective, and have more built in features. Many manufacturers of wireless equipment can function with each other using IEEE 802.11 standards. There are two different methods for wireless communication, Frequency Hopping (FH) and Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS or DS). It is important to check which of these two methods are being used because they can not work together. The latest version of the IEEE 802.11 standard is 11 mbps and 5.5 mbps (mega bits per second), with support for the older standard of one mbps and two mbps speeds. This new standard only covers Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum, not Frequency Hopping types. It is expected that the price of wireless networking interface cards to become inexpensive like the Ethernet cards. If your computer is connected to a wireless LAN, you can communicate to a wired LAN. You would need some sort of bridge between the wired and wireless LAN. You would need hardware or software based access point. Hardware access points are available with various types of network interfaces such a... ...d, much less decoded, by simple scanners, short wave receivers etc. You can gain access with specialist equipment. You can protect your data with a function built into 802.11 called WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy), a form of encryption, which provides comparable privacy as the wired network. Traditional Virtual Private Networking (VPN) will work over wireless networks in the same way as traditional wired networks. IEEE 802.11 standard makes it possible to connect anything that has support for instance PDA’s, cell phones, cars, appliances, computers, body suits, electronic watches, etc. This technology is growing fast and soon everything will be communicating with each other. There are many uses of this technology and can be implemented in a number of different ways.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Security of data can be minimized using WEP and VPN. The technology is not that old and like most electronics and software, it too will evolve and change over time. More standards and uses are being developed. Technology is only limited by our dreams. http://apple.com/airport http://enterasys.com/com/technologies/wireless http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/802/11/ http://wirelessethernet.org

Assess the importance of the Celtic Iron Age regarding

The Iron Age was crucial as it was the development of highly sophisticated social and physiological development of humans'. There are multiple reasons why the Celtic Iron age has such significant. Firstly, the technology that had been created by the new found metal had major impacted on the Celtic society. Secondly, new lifestyles that massively change how humans use to live. Amongst this coinage had also been Introduced within Celtic regions which Invented more practical ways of trading. There was also an Increase interest In personal appearance along with a more relaxed lifestyle.Celtic people also began to Invent things to do for leisure. Lastly, Celtic religion started to evolve and politics was beginning to be invented. The Celtic Iron Age would be considered the most important within the Three-age System regarding to human societal development in Europe. It has made many improvements for humans to achieve the level of societal complexity today. The development of advance human society has mostly evolved though the revolutionary advances in weapons and crafts that were forged by Iron. Iron was very significant and made life for humans much easier after its discovery.Many of the weapons forged by iron was much stronger and lighter Han bronze, this allowed for improvements to be made to weapons and agricultural tools. Many of the common tools that were used during the Celtic Iron Age are till used today. For example the sickles or pruning hooks which were used by Iron Age farmers, the tool was used for cutting and shaping branches and hurdles unlike most farmers that use them today as to harvest cereal crops or cutting grass for hay. There were also several other tools that were developed during the Iron Age and its designs have been kept and improved on for many years.Tools such as the hammers, files, axes and many other metal-working tools. Even though early stages of these tools have already been developed during the Stone and Bronze Age, the Celtic Iron Age has truly perfect it. Evidence form everyday tools that society still uses in the 20th century shows many similarities and some can be considered virtually identical to the tools that were used more than two thousand years ago. The tools were made to build houses, make weapons and farm. These were the necessary tools to that develop human society Into a more complex one.Thus, this demonstrates that the Celtic Iron Age In Europe has help significantly to the development of human society s the discovery of Iron was revolutionary wealth humans. Without this ore, modern society In Europe would have not reach Its level of sophistication as Iron played a also shown impressive improvements that are still useful to everyday life in modern society. Therefore this shows how the Celtic Iron age has a high level of importance regarding to societal development in Europe. 1 Oliver, N. 2011. A History of Ancient Brittany.United Kingdom, Phoenix. Up. 217 2 Ibid. , 3 S. James and V. Rugby, †˜Iron Farming Tools', British Museum [weapon], (1997) http:// www. Brutishness. Org/explore/highlights/highlight_bob]sects/pee_BRB/I/ Ron_farming_tools. Asps Para. 3, accessed 27 June 2013. The importance of the Celtic Iron age regarding to human societal development in Europe was significant as the development and improvements of agriculture had greatly affected the way that people had lived in the in the past ages. It has also have shaped how humans tend to live today.The Stone Age and the Bronze Age had consisted of hunting and gathering food and there was little to no agricultural activity. However, the Celtic Iron Age was primarily agricultural and their daily routines would have consisted with maintaining crops and livestock. This can be seen though evidence in the environment. Evidence in forms of carbonized grains and pollen, it was shown that new crops were introduced and many wheat's had been farmed and grown in the fields. This meant that people began to develop permanen t settlement as they were preoccupied by farming and caring for livestock.As humans began to stay in permanent housing they also began to live in villages. This was unlike the previous ages as they were mostly hunter-gather societies when it was rarely done. They would only hunt in small groups and constantly travel as there were high risk of danger. The new agricultural life style opened many opportunities of improvement to the human society. Living in villages increase and improved human social development as they gain new skills through looking after life stock and farming as this improved their intelligence.As historian, a Neil Oliver quotes, ‘These steps alone had made a profound and deeply transforming social revolution's. The Iron Age did not Just improve human society by advancing in technology, however, they have also improved on having a better grasp on the practical necessities such social and leisure activities. During the Celtic Iron Age, the Celtic had much more time than their ancestors after the development of permanent housing. They were able to socialism more and focus on things that they were not able to in the past.This included on their personal appearances and activities for leisure. Archaeological evidence of Celtic Iron Age housing shows that many of these houses contained looms. Evidence of clothing form the Celtic Iron Age have shown to be made out of either linen or wool. The fabric would have been dyed bright colors and were woven with striped or checked patterns. There was also evidence from the archaeological record of brooches, pins and other dress accessories that would have played both a functional and decorative role on the clothing.Classical text also gives clues of what the Cells may have looked like an example of this is Odorous Sculls who was an Ancient Greek Historian, who wrote: When they are eating the moustache becomes entangled in the food, and when they that both men and women may have grown their hair long and also plaited it. This evidence has truly shown how human society had changed after the Iron Age. It demonstrates how humans have developed in intelligence by domesticating animals and also on how they have evolved.Thus, the importance of the Celtic Iron Age regarding to societal development is very significant as this had not only taught them a more relaxing way of life. It was also the first steps of humans being more social and advance creatures though their physiological development. Being able to maintain livestock, farm and also create accessories and tools that were much more developed than previous ages. 4 Jinni. S. , ‘Ancient History in depth: Life in an Iron Age Village', BBC History [weapon], (2013) http://www. BBC. O. UK/history/ancient/British_prehistory/ orange_intro_01 . SHTML Agriculture Para. , accessed 4 July 2013. Upriver, pop. Cit. , p. 217 6 Jinni, pop. Cit,. Appearance Para. 2 accessed 4 July 2013. Fernando. C. , ‘Pair of metal detector friends disc over three quarters of a ton of Iron Age coins worth Loom buried in a field in Jersey after searching for 30 years', Mainline [weapon}, (2012) http://www. Dilemma. Co. UK/sciences/article-2164897/ Iron-Age-coins-worth-l Mom-discovered-]erase-metal-detector-friends. HTML accessed 6 July Lastly, the importance of the Celtic Iron age regarding to human societal development in Europe is significant as the religions and rules that existed during he time has truly effected on how society is run in the present. The Celtic Iron Age demonstrated that religion had a large impact in Celtic society much like it has in modern society. The Cells shared a common religious system, it also revealed that the Cells had strict rules of worship to their religion as evidence of human sacrifices such as the Tolland Man and Windy Girl have been found.The Greek and Roman texts provide a number of pertinent observations and a comprehensive account was given by Caesar in his description of Goulash society. Th e largest religion in modern society had also came out of the Celtic Iron Age. The Monastery of Illuminant Afar also known as the Illuminant Major can be considered the axis of early Celtic Christianity. Evidence of this includes the ruins of churches that are in modern Ireland and Britain. Many Celtic Scripps and illustrations have also suggest that Christianity has emerged from the era.This also wildly demonstrates how important the Celtic Iron Age is to the development of human society as without it, many things in modern society may not have existed. Political control and early stages of feudalism was also introduced as in each city state or village. In each village there would be an en or lord', legal or ‘king' and ins or ‘governor-priest' controlling it. This example demonstrates a high level of human intelligence and also an example of how the Iron Age was very significant regarding to humans societal development as this system last for centuries which demonstrate d its success.Another significant introduction was the introduction of coins within Europe. This demonstrated a large change in how humans were now living. Through coins, it was positive that trading had become a popular lifestyle, by having coins, the Cells were beginning to have an easier life style as they didn't need to trade in the crops that they grow. They were able to grow more food and grow wealthy. As this system of exchanging money for goods is still the impact it has on the development of human society, as from the Iron Age many new systems have developed.Which demonstrates how significant the Celtic Iron Age really is as many things may not exist if the Iron Age had not occur. Thus, the Celtic Iron Age was highly significant to human societal development in Europe. The Iron Age had introduced a number of complex things that enabled human intelligence to expand. This included farming, new tools, religion, politics and the adaptation of a new epistyle. The Celtic Iron Age had truly changed how humans have lived and improved.

Negotiation Scenario - 1097 Words

Real World Negotiation - A Family Vacation All Inclusive, 7 night vacation in the Mayan Riviera; heaven†¦ with family! A total of 15 people decided to plan a vacation. Throw a few people that are extremely stubborn with a few that are picky and some that are price sensitive and you have a messy multiparty negotiation. Luckily we all agreed on the location quickly as most of the group has not travelled there before. Out of the 15 people, 7 were the decision makers / negotiators – those are the ones that had to agree on date, price and hotel. In addition, one couple was unable to join us until a few days later so some people wanted a date that is closest to them and others were deciding strictly on price. The parties negotiating†¦show more content†¦Luckily as we were about to book, the price for the Sunday flight went down below the Saturday flight. The final price for those travelling Sunday and Monday was $955 – higher than my target but below my re servation point. This lifted the tension and all parties were now satisfied with the outcome as it was well below our reservation point and we all paid equally. One of the more patient group members acted as a mediator and heard both sides and tried to find alternatives. Walking away from the situation helped as well – we would end the discussion and resume it at another time when everyone was calm. It also helped that we were prepared. When each person was presenting an argument they had solid facts to support it – this made it difficult to argue against some of their points but ultimately it was better overall for the group. At times it was also really difficult to understand the other person’s point of view as it did not align with ours. In my opinion, from a financial perspective, those that are indifferent to the price point should be considerate to those that are sensitive to price. The point is we are all going on vacation together and the goal is t o have fun. Overall the negotiation has not affected the group. There was some tension during the process itself, but after we booked, it seemed that theShow MoreRelatedConflict Negotiation Scenario1023 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Running head: CONFLICT NEGOTIATION SCENARIO Conflict Negotiation Scenario University of Phoenix HCS587 Conflict Negotiation Scenario TradeStation Securities is an online brokerage company where I was employed as the Client Service Director in charge of the Florida and Chicago Client Service Associates which, totaled 90 employees. Due to the strict rules and regulations of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) any employee handling brokerage accounts for customers must haveRead MoreNegotiation Process For College Students1488 Words   |  6 Pageswitnessing a wide variety of negotiations almost on a daily basis. 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